gʷei̯ ǝ-

    gʷei̯ ǝ-

    English meaning: to prevail, be mighty

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “ũberwältigen, Gewalt, gewaltsam niederdrũcken “

    Material: O.Ind. jyǘ , jiyǘ f. “Übergewalt” (= Gk. βίᾱ), jyǘ na-m, jyünī-ḥ “Bedrũckung”, jyǘ yün “mächtiger, ũberlegener”, jyéṣṭha-, jyeṣṭhá- “mächtigst, stärkst”; jáyati (perf. jigǘ ya) “ersiegt, besiegt” (Av. Inf. jayüi, full grade I the root, “to defeat, conquer”), jayiṣnu- “ victorious “, jētá r- “ersiegend, besiegend”; jinǘ ti (Fut. jyüsyati, Pass, jīyá te, participle jītá -) “ũberwältigt, oppressed”; jígīṣati “will defeat, conquer, ersiegen” ( : Av. jijišaiti ‘seeks for sich to erlangen, ausfindig to make”), jigyú- “ victorious “; O.Ind. jinüti stands for also “um etwas bringen”, jyüni-ḥ also “ reduction, loss” and is so zugleich the Fortsetzer the palatal anlaut. root from Av. zinüt̃ ‘schädigt”, O.Pers. adinüt “brachte worum, nahm weg”, participle perf. pass. dīta-, Av. zyünü, zyüni- f. ‘schädigung”, Inf. zyünüi “to harm”, Bal. zinaɣ “an sich reißen, hastig gripe, with Gewalt wegnehmen” (außerarische equivalent not bekannt); Maybe Alb.Gheg za “gripe, capture”, Gheg me u zanë , Tosc zihem “quarrel” Gk. βίᾱ “force, might” (= O.Ind. jiyǘ ), βιάω, βιάζω “zwinge”, βίαιος “gewalttätig”, Αντίδιος probably = Αντίβιος; βῑνεῖν “futuere”, ζάει βινεῖ Hes. “vergewaltigen” (whereas βῑνεῖν from a participle *βῑ-νό-ς = O.Ind. jī-na-, Gramm., abzuleiten wäre ); after Lidé n IF . 19, 328 with Pers. güyad “futuit”, Inf. güdan, gün, from a root *gʷüi- or (?) *gʷōi-, die only by latter rudiment with gʷei- as lengthened grade the o-gradation at most theoretisch compatible wäre; with gʷei̯ ǝ- “niederzwingen” shine, appear, seem also following words for ‘schwächen, enfeeble”, Intr. pass. “zusammengehen, altern, hinschwinden” originally zusammenzugehören: O.Ind. jinüti also “altert”, jyüni-ḥ “Altersschwäche”, ájyüni-ḥ “Unvergänglichkeit”, jīna- “aged, old”, á-jīta- “unversehrt, unverwelkt”, á-jīti-ḥ “Unversehrtheit”, jívri- “old, fragile, easily broken; unstable, dilapidated, hilflos”, Av. jyü-, present jinüiti ‘schwächt”, ajyamna- ‘sich nicht vermindernd, unversieglich”, wherefore M.H.G. verquīnen , preterit quein “hinschwinden”, O.E. cwīnan, ü-cwīnan, preterit cwün “hinschwinden, abate, kränkeln”, extended O.E. cwincan, ücwincan “ disappear, abate “ (Kaus. with ablaut neologism ücwencan, Eng. quench “löschen”), and with m-forms wfäl. kwīmen “kränkeln”, kwīmelig “verweichlicht”. From dem Gmc. shine, appear, seem in beiden Bedeutungsfärbungen anreihbar: O.N. kveita “ũberwältigen” (d-present); s-extensions M.L.G. quisten “ perish lassen, verschwenden”, quist “damage, loss”, mnl. quisten “terere, atterere, friare”, Goth. qistjan ‘spoil”, O.H.G. quist f. “Vernichtung”, archwistan, firquistan ‘spoil, destroy”, O.E. cwíesan “zerquetschen”, Jũt. kwīs “press, auspressen”, Mod.Ice. kveisa “Bauchgrimmen” (“*Zwicken”); Nor. kveisa “verkũmmertes creature”, kvisla “hinschwinden”; g-extension (gebrocheneReduplikation?) Fris. kwīke, kwikken “ pinch, tweak, nip “, in the meaning abgeschwächt in Pruss. queicheln “hätscheln”.

    References: WP. I 666 ff., Schwyzer Gk. I 300, 694.